Full Text

Abstract

Expression recognition is closely related to face recognition where a lot of researches been done and a vast array of algorithms have been introduced. FER can also be considered as a special case of a pattern recognition problem and many techniques are available. So, this paper will discuss the main problems existing in recognition of facial expression recognition system and various methods of facial emotion recognition.

References

1. Kuan Chien, Yau Hwang, “Emotion Recognition By A Novel Triangular Facial Feature Extraction Method”, ICIC, Vol-8, 2012.

2. Ira Cohen, Ashutosh Garg, Thomas S. Huang, “Emotion Recognition from Facial Expressions using Multilevel HMM”, IFP, 2010.

3. Gloria Zen, EnverSangineto, “Unsupervised Domain Adaptation for Personalized Facial Emotion Recognition”,European 7th Framework Program, under grant venturi, 2012.

4. Kwan Eun, “Development of a Facial Emotion Recognition Method Based on Combining AAM with DBN”, IEEE, Cyberworlds(CW), 2010 International Conference, pp. 87 – 91, 2010.

5. Angeliki Metallinou, Carlos Busso, Sungbok Lee and Shrikanth Narayanan, “Visual Emotion Recognition Using Compact Facial Representations And Viseme Information”, ICASSP, 2010.

6. A.K. Jain, R.P.W. Duin, J Mao, \"Statistical Pattern Recognition: A Review\", IEEE Trans. Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, Vol. 22, No. 1, pp. 4-37, 2000.

7. D.Arumugam, S.Purushothaman, “Emotion Classification Using Facial Expression”, International Journal of advanced Computer Science and Applications, Vol. 2, No. 7, pp. 92-98, 2011.

8. T.Kanade,, J.F.Cohn, Y.Tian, “Comprehense Database for Facial Expression Analysis”,Proc. 4th IEEE Int.Conf. on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition , pp. 46–53, 2000

9. I.A.Essa, A.P. Pentland, “Coding, Analysis, Interpretation, and Recognition of Facial Expressions”, IEEE Trans. Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, Vol. 19, No. 7, pp. 757-763, 1997

10. V. Bruce, “What the Human Face Tells the Human Mind: Some Challenges for the Robot-Human Interface”, Proc. IEEE Int. Workshop Robot and Human Communication, pp. 44-51, 1992

11. A. van Dam, “Beyond WIMP”, IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, Vol. 20, No. 1, pp. 50-51, 2000

12. Platt, T.; Hofmann, J.; Ruch, W.; Proyer, R.T. (2013), “Duchenne display responses towards sixteen enjoyable emotions: Individual differences between no and fear of being laughed at. Motivation and Emotion”, doi: 10.1007/s11031-013-9342-9.

13. G. Donato, M.S. Bartlett, J.C. Hager, P. Ekman, T.J. Sejnowski, “Classifying Facial Actions”, IEEE Trans. Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, Vol. 21, No. 10, pp. 974-989, 1999

14. Gorbunov, R. (2013), “Monitoring emotions and cooperative behavior”, Eindhoven: Technische Universiteit Eindhoven.(Co-promot.: prof.dr. G.W.M. Rauterberg, dr.ir. E.I. Barakova & dr. K.P. Tuyls).

15. Forestell, C.A.; Mennella, J.A. (2012)., “More than just a pretty face. The relationship between infant’s temperament, food acceptance, and mothers’ perceptions of their enjoyment of food. Appetite”, 58, 1136-1142.

16. Danner, L.Sidorkina, L.; Joechl, M.; Duerrschmid, “Make a face! Implicit and explicit measurement of facial expressions elicited by orange juices using face reading technology. Food Quality and Preference”, doi:10.1016/j.foodqual.2013.01.004

17. Fasel, B. & Luettin, J. (2003), “ Automatic facial expression analysis: a survey”, Pattern Recognition, Vol.36, 259-275.

18. L.Ma and K. Khorasani, “Facial expression recognition using constructive feedforward neural networks”, IEEE Trans. Syst., Man, Cybern. B Cybern., vol. 34, no. 3, pp. 1588–1595, Jun. 2004.

19. A.Mehrabian, “Communication without words”, Psychol.Today, vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 53–56, 1968.

20. K.Anderson and P.W. McOwan, “A real-time automated system for the recognition of human facial expressions”, IEEE Trans. Syst., Man Cybern. B, Cybern, vol. 36, no. 1, pp. 96–105, Feb. 2006.

21. P.Ekman and W. V. Friesen, “Unmasking the Face. Englewood Cliffs”, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1975.

22. J. N. Bassili, “Emotion recognition: The role of facial movement and the relative importance of upper and lower areas of the face”, J. Personality Social Psychol., vol. 37, pp. 2049–2059, 1979.

23. Z. Zeng, M. Pantic, G. Roisman, and T. S. Huang, “A survey of affect recognition methods: Audio, visual and spontaneous expressions” , IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell., vol. 31, no. 1, pp. 39–58, Jan. 2009.

Keywords

Expression recognition, Facial Emotion, biometric authentication.